Peacebuilding is a multi-faceted endeavour that normally requires a range of activities, in different sectors, and at different levels, all of which must be tailored to the needs of a specific context. In countries emerging from violent conflict, the most common peacebuilding interventions have traditionally focused on political, security and justice sectors. Support to constitutional processes, organization of elections, and reform of security and justice systems are normally, and understandably, among top priorities for peacebuilding that often attract high levels of international attention and donor funding. While historically limited attention has been paid to the socioeconomic dimensions of peacebuilding, particularly the role of basic social services, there is increasing recognition that equitable delivery and management of basic services like education, health, clean water and sanitation can make important contributions to peacebuilding.

Peacebuilding by social services program is not about what is done, but how it is done! Although there have been various conflicts in Uganda, the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) rebellion against the Ugandan Government (1986-2006) was the most tangible, reported and destructive structured conflict in the country’s history, devastating lives, livelihoods and property. Up to 90% of the Acholi population were forced to live in internally displaced persons’ camps, and some were abducted as fighters or wives to the rebels. When a ceasefire was brokered in 2006, the internally displaced persons (IDPs) were asked to return to their villages.